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PM9603AP SINGLE PHASE POWER/ENERGY METERING MODULE SPI INTERFACE
FEATURES
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SA9603B APPLICATION NOTE
Performs both power and energy measurement Meets the accuracy requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters Protected against ESD Total power consumption rating below 500mW (excluding current sensing)
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Uses a shunt resistor for current sensing Operates over a wide temperature range Isolated SPI interface.
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DESCRIPTION The SAMES single phase power/energy metering module, the PM9603AP, provides energy data via a isolated SPI interface. Energy consumption is determined by the power measurement being integrated over time. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. The output of this innovative universal power/energy meter is ideally suited for energy calculations in applications using a micro-controller. The application utilises the SAMES SA9603B power metering integrated circuit for power measurement. As a safety measure, this application shows the current sensor connected to the neutral line. In practice, the live line may be used for current sensing, provided that the supply connections (MAINS) are reversed on the module.
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7131 PDS038-SA9603B-001 REV.A 5-09-97
PM9603AP BLOCK DIAGRAM
NE UT RAL NE UT RAL NE UT RAL IN S A 96 03 B POWER M ETER W IT H SPI BUS
O PTOC O U PLE R
IN POWER S UP P LY
L IV E VOL T AGE SENSE D R -0 1 3 4 9
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage (Note 1) VAC Current Sense Input (Note 1) VIV Storage Temperature TSTG Operating Temperature TO Max Current IMAX through Sensor IMAX
Min -2.5 -25 -10
Max 300 +2.5 +125 +70 (Note 2) 800 (Note 3) 2000 (Note 4)
Unit V V C C A A
Note 1: Voltages are specified with reference to Live. Note 2: The SA9603B integrated circuit is specified to operate over the temperature range -10C to +70C. The module functionality will however depend upon the external components used. Note 3: t = 500ms Note 4: t = 1ms *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability.
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D -s u b C O N N E C T O R
OUT
SHUNT
O PTOC O U PLE R
PM9603AP ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Over the temperature range -10C to +70C, unless otherwise specified. Power consumption figures are applicable to the PM9603APE only.) Parameter Supply Voltage (Continuous) Power Measurement range Power Consumption1 Symbol V AC PRNG Min Typ Max 265 135 18400 800 Unit V V W mW Condition PM9603APE PM9603APA Specified accuracy VAC = 230V Supply direct from mains Continuous VOL = 1V 180 230 90 115 -18400
Isolation Voltage2 Opto-coupler Output Current Opto-coupler Input Current
VIS IO II
2500 10 10
V mA mA
Note 1: Power consumption specifications exclude power consumed by the current sensor. Note 2: Isolation voltage may be specified, depending on customer requirements.
CONNECTION DESCRIPTION Designation MAINS NEUTRAL IN NEUTRAL OUT SK1 25-Way female (D-type) Description Voltage supply connection to Neutral line Voltage supply connection to Live line Connection to positive side of current sensor Connection to negative side of current sensor P1 Supply (+ve) to opto-couplers P2 Input SA9603B - SCK P8 Input SA9603B - DI P9 Input SA9603B - CS P12 Output SA9603B - DO P18, 20-25 Common emitters and cathodes opto-couplers
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PM9603AP FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 1. Power Calculation In the Application Circuit (see Figure 2), the output current from the current sensor will be between 0 and 16ARMS (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 625). The current input stage of the module, saturates at input currents greater than 18A RMS. The mains voltage (Voltage + 15% - 20%) is used to supply the circuitry with power. A SA9603B utilize current information from the current sensor (shunt resistor), together with the mains voltage to perform the power calculation. The SA9603B integrated circuits may be adjusted to accommodate any voltage or current values. The method for calculating external component values is described in paragraph 6 (Circuit Description). SAMES offers two evaluation module options, namely 230V/80A and 115V/80A. The on chip registers are accessed via the isolated SPI bus. 2. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The device's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD according to the Mil-Std 883C, method 3015. The modules resistance to transients will be dependant upon the protection components used. 3. Power Consumption The overall power consumption rating for this power metering application (Figure 2), is under 500mW, excluding the current sensor, when the supply is taken directly from the mains. 4. Isolation The reference of the module is connected to neutral. 5. Isolated Input/Output Interface The isolated interface is provided to allow the user to access the registers of the SA9603B. A 25-Way D type connector (female) is provided on the PM9603AP module. The connector SK1 connects via a one to one connected cable to a Personal Computer parallel port. 6. Circuit Description In the Application Circuits, (Figures 1), the components required for power metering applications are shown. In Figure 1, a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the circuitry requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply.
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PM9603AP The current sense input requires a differential approach to cater for precision across the dynamic range. It is therefore important that the PC board layout of the branches to the sensing element, are as symmetrical as possible and the loop area is kept to a minimum. The most important external components for the SA9603B integrated circuit are: R2, R1 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input. The values should be selected for an input current of 16ARMS into the SA9603B at rated line current. Values for RSH of less than 200 should be avoided. R1 = R2 = (IL/16ARMS) * RSH/2 Where IL = Line current RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor R3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be selected so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set to 14ARMS. R7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24k, optimum conditions are set. XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.7897MHz on-chip and supplies the A/D converters and the digital circuitry. 7. Demonstration Software Software which runs under Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 is provided with each evaluation module. See README.TXT on the diskette supplied for the installation instructions. 8. Sample C source code The following software demonstrates how to synchronize the reading of the registers to the SA9603B's internal offset cancellation scheme. The software is also available on the SAMES Internet web pages.
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PM9603AP
R3A R2 R1 C1 4 R1 0 C1 0 ZD2 C1 1A D1 C1 5 C9 R9 C1 1B C1 3 X TA L C1 2 R1 2 LK1 ZD1 LK2 R7
R3B R6
OP TIO NA L R4
R1 6 R1 4
D2
R5
R1 1 R1 3
PARALLEL PORT
R1 5 R1 7 R1 8
SAMES
P M 960 3A P
DR -0 1350
13 25
1 14
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N OU T
N IN
Figure 1: Connection Diagram
L IN L OU T
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R1A S H U NT
Load
RSH R4 1M R6 24k
80A /50mV R2 1.6k IC4 1 IIN IIP IVP CS DI TP 16 FMO V SS DO DI OSCI 12 R13 X TA L 15 16 ILQ74 3.579545MHz C15 820n C9 100n Ground Plane C10 100n dr-01351 + C12 1000uF 2.4k IC2A ILQ74 1 2 R17 680R 11 12 11 2.4k IC2C 13 R12 ILQ74 5 6 R16 680R 14 13 3 15 2.4k 14 4 IC2B 16 R11 ILQ74 R18 680R 17 680R 7 9 18 R14 8 10 IC2D V RE F TP 4 TP 3 TP 2 TE S T V DD TP 9 OSCO S A9603B 19 680R GND 2 3 4 R7 24k 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 R20 R1 1.6k S K1
APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Figure 2: Application using a Shunt Resistor for Current Sensing, having a PC (Personal Computer) Interface.
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1 14 2 15 3 16 4 17 5 18 6 19 7 20 8 21 9 22 10 23 11 24 12 25 13
R3A
R3B
200k
180k
C11 470n/250V
R5 470R/2W
D1
R9
DB25
1N4148
680R
+ C13 100u
ZD1 2.4V
+ C14 100u
ZD2 2.4V
D2
R10
1N4148
680R
S upply
PM9603AP
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PM9603AP Parts List For Application Circuit: Figure 2 Item Symbol Description
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 IC-1 IC-2 D1 D2 ZD1 ZD2 XTAL R1 R2 R3A R3B R4 R5 R6 R7 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15 RSH SA9603B Opto Coupler, ILQ74 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW Crystal, 3.5795MHz Resistor, 1.6k, 1%, metal Resistor, 1.6k, 1%, metal Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 1%, metal Resistor, 1M, 1/4W Resistor, 470, 2W, 5%, carbon Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 24k, 1/4W, metal Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 2.4k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 2.4k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 2.4k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680R, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680R, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 2.4k, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680R, 1/4W, 5% Resistor, 680R, 1/4W, 5% Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, 100nF Capacitor, polyester Capacitor, 1000F, 16V Capacitor, 100F, 16V Capacitor, 100F, 16V Capacitor, 820nF, 16V Shunt Resistor, 80A, 50mV (625)
Detail
DIP-20 DIP-16
Colour burst TV Note 1 Note 1 Note 2 Note 2
Note 2
Note 1
Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. See paragraph 6 (Circuit Description) when selecting the value for RSH. Note 2: See the table below, detailing the component values for the selected voltage standard.
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PM9603AP Description PM9603APA PM9603APE 115V 230V 120k 200k 82k 180k 1F 0.47F
Item 12 13 31
Symbol R3A R3B C11
Detail
ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number PM9603APA PM9603APE Description 115V, 80A Module 230V, 80A Module
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PM9603AP // This program will read the registers from a SA9603B device and // display the content on the screen. // The program work on a PM9603AP demonstration module. #include #include #define #define PI 3.141593 win_size 20
// Definitions for the parallel port #define CLK_b 0x20 //D5 on port pin 7 #define DO_b 0x40 //D6 on port pin 8 #define DI_b 0x20 //Paper out pin 12 #define CS_b 0x80 //D7 on port pin 9 #define PCTrig 0x02 //D1 on port pin 3 //#define freq_bits 0x00FFFF //#define inv_bits 0x0C0000 #define freq_bits #define inv_bits #define bits_50hz // Mask #define #define #define #define #define 0x01FFFF 0x0E0000 0x080000 // D16..D0
definitions for the parallele port CLK_m ~CLK_b //D5 on port pin 7 DO_m ~DO_b //D6 on port pin 8 DI_m ~DI_b //Paper out pin 12 CS_m ~CS_b //D7 on port pin 9 byte_mask 0x80 //1000 0000 3579545 0x378 0x278
#define CLOCKFREQ #define LPT1 #define LPT2
// Glogal variables unsigned char portval; double arr_energy[win_size],arr_volt[win_size],arr_reactive[win_size]; long delay_time;
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PM9603AP int prt, buffindex = 0;
double convert_24bits(double value) // This function will sort out the 24 bits of the register values { if (fabs(value) > 0x7FFFFF) { if (value > 0) value = (16777216-value) * (-1); else value = (16777216+value)* (1); } return(value); }
void spi_wait(void) // This function will wait for the specified period, very short time { int ti; for (ti = 1; ti < 1 ; ti++); } void spi_out(unsigned char value) // Put value on the parallel port { int n; portval = value; outport(prt,(~portval)); // Remove the ~ if you dont use opto couplers for(n=0 ; n< delay_time ; n++); // Specify the pulse width } void spi_clock(void) // This function will pulse CLK pin of spi port { spi_wait(); spi_out(portval | CLK_b); // or spi_wait(); sames
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PM9603AP spi_out(portval ^ CLK_b); } // xor
void spi_PCTrig(void) // This function will set the PC trigger pin { spi_out(portval & (~PCTrig)); // and spi_wait(); } void spi_ClearPCTrig(void) // This function will clear the PC trigger pin { spi_out(portval | PCTrig); // or }
void spi_cs(void) // This function will set CSs pin of spi port { spi_out(portval | CS_b); // or }
void spi_reset(void) // all bits of the port are made 0 { spi_out(portval & CLK_m); spi_out(portval & DO_m); spi_out(portval & CS_m); } void spi_start_read(unsigned char value) // All bits of the port are made 0 { int counter; unsigned char and_mask,mask; mask = 0x80; value = (value | 0xC0 ); adress 110--
// Put the header for the
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PM9603AP for ( counter = 0; counter <8; counter++) { and_mask = (mask & value); if (and_mask == mask) { spi_out(portval | DO_b); // 1 spi_clock(); } else { spi_out(portval & DO_m); // 0 spi_clock(); } value = value << 1; } spi_clock(); // sort out the extra clock cycle between command & response } unsigned long spi_read_register(void) // This function will read 24 bits of a register // the register to be red would be indicated by the // preceding spi_start_read function { int counter; unsigned char and_mask,mask; unsigned long fromport; fromport = 0 ; for ( counter = 0; counter < 24; counter++) { spi_clock(); if (((inportb(prt+1)) & DI_b) == DI_b) fromport = fromport+ pow(2,(23-counter)); } return(fromport); }
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PM9603AP / ***************************************************************************/ /* */ /* Main Function. */ /* */ / ***************************************************************************/ void main (int argc,char *argv[]) { FILE *out; char int long double key; port,del_time ; act , react , volt , freq, old_freq, act1, react1,volt1,prev_inv_bits; k, active, reactive, voltage,fm,vm;
int first = 1; fm = 0; act= 0; react= 0; volt= 0; freq = 0; del_time = 0; if (argc == 3 ) { delay_time = atol(argv[2]); prt = atol(argv[1]); if(prt == 1) prt = LPT1; else prt = LPT2; } else { printf("\nusage : CHIP9603 \n"); printf(" = 1 or 2 (lpt port
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PM9603AP number)\n"); printf(" printf(" exit(0); } clrscr(); while(key !='q') { if(bioskey(1)) { key = bioskey(0); } old_freq = freq; spi_reset(); spi_cs(); spi_start_read(3); freq = spi_read_register(); // Get the rising edge if the inversion bits if (((freq & bits_50hz) == bits_50hz ) is now set && ((old_freq & bits_50hz) != bits_50hz)) //D19 was not set previously { // The following is used to indicate that //registers is read every 8th mains cycle spi_PCTrig(); delay(1); spi_ClearPCTrig(); //del_time is the amount of inversion cycles to wait before //reading the rest of the register values. del_time ++; } if(del_time == 10) integrate registers { // spi_PCTrig(); sames // 5 x 8 mains cycles time to
= For loop delay\n"); use 1000 for a 486dx266 \n");
//D19
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PM9603AP spi_reset(); spi_cs(); spi_start_read(0); act = spi_read_register(); react = spi_read_register(); volt = spi_read_register(); // Now calculate the incremental difference and take care of register // overflow as well as the sign of register values active = convert_24bits(act - act1); reactive = convert_24bits(react - react1); voltage = convert_24bits(volt1 - volt); k = (1/((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time)) * 80 * 230/(1.44*2); fm = (double)((CLOCKFREQ/2)/((double)(freq & freq_bits))); vm = (double)voltage * ((14/17.5)*0.63)/ ((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time) *230; if (first == 0){ printf("%08.2f printf("%08.2f printf("%08.2f printf("%08.4f printf("%5.2f } first = 0; act1 = act; react1= react; volt1 = volt; del_time = 0; } }//while }
\t",active*k); \t",(reactive*k*PI/2)); \t",vm); \t",fm); \n",(del_time*(8/fm)));
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PM9603AP Notes:
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PM9603AP
Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African MicroElectronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.
Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site: http://www.sames.co.za South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area, 0039 Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa
Tel: Fax:
012 333-6021 012 333-8071
Tel: Fax:
Int +27 12 333-6021 Int +27 12 333-8071
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